Molting is a natural annual process that all birds go through, where birds loose feathers, but it can present some problems and is not always predictable. This feather loss phenomenon first happens when birds are approximately 18 months old and then occurs annually. Poultry owners should expect about 8 weeks of feather loss and regrowth but could take up to 16 weeks for some birds.
Though the general process is similar, not all molting seasons are created equal. The onset and length of molt looks different for each bird. How long chickens molt for depends on factors such as age, consumed nutrients and the environment. You’ll often first notice that feathers are losing their sheen. Hens may then gradually lose a few feathers or it could happen overnight. More productive egg-layers and younger hens recover from molt more quickly than older or less productive hens. In any case, proper nutrients and management can help birds through molt.
Three tips for molting chickens
Pack the protein
Just like humans, birds need a different diet depending on their current activity or life stage. Protein is the key nutrient to pack in a flock’s diet during molt.The number one nutrient switches from calcium to protein during molt. This is because feathers are made of 80-85 percent protein, whereas eggshells are primarily calcium. When you notice your chickens losing feathers, switch to a complete feed that’s 20 percent protein and includes probiotics, prebiotics and key vitamins and minerals. A high-protein complete feed can help hens channel nutrients into feather regrowth and get back to laying eggs.
Keep stress low
While on vacation, people generally want plenty of comfort and room to relax. It isn’t so different inside the coop during molt. Keep molting chickens comfortable by preventing stress.
During molt, the area where the feather shaft meets the skin can be very sensitive, so reduce handling and provide plenty of clean bedding. Offer enough space for your birds to rest and relax in private. For each bird, four square feet inside the coop and 10 square feet outside of the coop can keep them comfortable.
In addition, provide access to plenty of fresh, clean water and proper air ventilation. Hydration and ventilation can help keep the poultry spa-like for feather regrowth. Avoid introducing new flock members during this time, as adding in birds and potentially re-shuffling the pecking order could add stress.
Transition back to layer feed
Once birds are ready to return from vacation and begin producing eggs, it’s time to adjust the nutrient profile to match their energy needs once again. When hens begin laying eggs, transition back to a complete layer feed that matches your goals. Gradually mix the complete layer feed with the high-protein feed over the course of 7 to 10 days. This can help avoid digestive upsets and allows birds to get used to the taste and texture of their new feed. Once they’re back on a complete layer feed and have vibrant new feathers, get ready again for farm fresh eggs.
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